The materials used by orthodontists have changed rapidly in recent years and will continue to do so in the future. As esthetic composite archwires are introduced, metallic archwires will likely be ...
The role of cytokines in the orthodontic tooth movement is considered in the context of inflammation, which occurs at the very beginning of this process as a reaction to the mechanical pressure and...
The periodic incorporation of advances in the biomedical, bioengineering, and computer sciences allow the creation of increasingly more comprehensive revisions of the functional matrix hypothesis.C...
Growth biologically and histologically is a composite of morphogenetic and histogenetic changes occurring continuously over a period of time in response to genetic coding and environmental influenc...
Growth rotations are a reflection of differential growth in anterior and posterior face heights. Growth in posterior face height depends on the vertical components of growth at the middle cranial f...